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Available courses

ONLINE EXAMINATION

     

      EXAMINATION RULES AND REGULATIONS

1.

ONLINE EXAMINATION ROOM.

    EXAMINATION RULES AND REGULATIONS.

  1. Identification: Bring a valid student ID or any required identification.
  2. Arrival Time: Arrive on time. Latecomers may not be allowed to enter the exam room.
  3. Seating: Sit in designated areas or assigned seats as instructed.

Materials Allowed

  1. Permitted Items: Bring only allowed materials, such as pens, pencils, erasers, calculators, or approved notes.
  2. Banned Items: No electronic devices (unless specified), bags, hats, or unauthorized materials.

Conduct During the Exam

  1. Silence: Maintain silence throughout the exam.
  2. No Cheating: Cheating or plagiarism will lead to serious consequences, including possible failure.
  3. Questions: If you have a question, raise your hand and wait for the examiner’s attention.

Breaks

  1. Scheduled Breaks: Follow the schedule for breaks if allowed; leave quietly and return promptly.

Completion and Submission

  1. End of Exam: Stop working when instructed and submit your exam papers.
  2. Check Your Work: Use any remaining time to review answers if allowed.

Academic Integrity

  1. Honesty: Uphold academic integrity; any form of dishonesty is strictly prohibited.
  2. Reporting Issues: Report any suspected cheating or irregularities to the invigilator.

Special Accommodations

  1. Disability Services: If you require accommodations, ensure you’ve communicated your needs in advance.

horticulture

A.    Course content

Week

Topic

Contents

1-2

Introduction

Definition of key terms; history, scope, roles, challenges and factors favoring horticultural industry in Kenya; roles of HCDA and FPEAK

3

Classification of horticultural crops

Types and basis of classification and its

Importance

3-4

Effects of environmental factors on production of horticultural crops

 

Effects of temperature, light, RH, wind, moisture and soil and how they can be manipulated.

5

Plant growth substances

Effects of auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins and ethylene

5-6

Methods of propagating horticultural crops

 

Definitions, methods and techniques of propagation; their advantages and disadvantages; principles for successful propagation.

7

Nursery establishment and management practices

Site selection, nursery bed preparation, seed establishment, maintenance practices and transplanting procedure.

7

Propagation structures

Roles and advantages of a Green house, lath house, hot beds and cold frames

8

Nutrition of horticultural crops

 

 

Types of fertilizers; methods and principles of application

9-11

Management practices

Principles and methods of pruning, mulching, irrigation, weed control, pest and disease control

12-13

Harvesting, post-harvest handling and marketing of horticultural produce

Principles of harvesting, sorting, grading, curing, storage, packaging, transportation and marketing.

 

B.    Suggested Readings

Adams C. R et al (2008). Principles of Horticulture. 5th edition. Butterworth- Heinemann, Burlington. USA.

Edmond J. B et al (1977). Fundamentals of Horticulture. 4th edition. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd. New Delhi.

Edward Edward E. and Carrol S. Jr (1997). Introductory Horticulture. 5th edition. Delmar Publishers. New York, USA.

Grounds R. (1977). Practical Pruning. Ward Lock Ltd. Great Britain.

Prasad S. and U. Kumar (1999). Principles of Horticulture. Agrobios (India). New Delhi.

 

C.    Course Assessment

CATs and Assignments      10%

Practicals                            20%

Exam                                  70%

SOIL SCIENCE SOIL

SCIENCE

 

INTRODUCTION

 This module unit is intended to impart knowledge and skills to the trainee in  handling soils  for maximizing and sustaining high  yield in agricultural production.

 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module unit, the trainee should be able to-

 

(a)      SOIL Understand the general principles involved in  soil  physical  and  chemical  reactions.

(b)     Apply the knowledge gained on the proper methods of fertilizer use and applications.

(c)      Analyse soil sample and give the correct interpretation of the results.

 

 

COURSE   UNIT SUMMARY AND TIME

 ALLOCATIONS THEORY 41 HOURS                                                  

 

 

TOPIC

SUB-TOPIC

HOUR

SOIL GENESIS AND

CLASSIFICATION

.Introductory Geology

.Fundamental concepts of soil genesis

.Soil formation.

.Weathering of soil.

.Soil profile.

.Introduction to soil classification

.Land capability and irrigation suitability.

.Taxonomy or classification.

. Important soils of East Africa.

.Salt affected soils.

.Hydromorphic soils.

 

20

SOIL PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY

.Soil constituents

.Nature of mineral particles

.Soil moisture characteristics

.Soil aggregates

.Soil colloids

.Clay fractions of soils

.Occurrence and properties of iron (fe) and .Aluminium(Al)oxides

.Mineral colloids solution relationship

.Ions in the soil solution

.Soil acidity

21

 

 

SOIL GENESIS AND CLASSIFICATION

Specific Objectives

By the end of topic, the learner should be able to

  1. Explain the geology of common rocks
  2. Explain the factors of soil formation
  3. Explain the fundamental concepts of soil science
  4. Describe weathering process
  5. Define soil profile
  6. Classify soils according to their capability and suitability to different crops
  7. Classify soils according to food and agricultural Organisation FAO AND united states department of agriculture
  8. Describe important soils of E.Africa
  9. Explain the nature and properties of salt-affected soils
  10. Describe the nature and properties of hydromorphic soils.